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    ????-??˹(1860 ?C 1902??)??????һλ???к????Ů?ӣ????ڰͶ?Ŭ???Ӽ???Ѳ???ݳ????????Ӽ??ŵ?????????ܿ??ܻ??ж?ë֢????Ӱ??ͯ???Ա????ػ???????֢????ʹ??֢״һֱ?????????ꡣ????˹????֮??????Ϊ???????????ġ?????Ů?ӡ???????Ϊ?Ͷ?Ŭ???Ӽ??š??????ˡ??Ĵ????ˡ?
    ?????-??˹??????(1834-1860??)??һλ????ʱ???ж?ë֢??ī????Ů?ӣ?Ҳ????19????ŷ?޽???Ѳ??չ??????˹?????ȳ?????1834?꣬???Ķ???ͱ????쳣?ش󣬲??????????ݲ????롣???˹-????Ķ???????????????˹????????һλ????????Ů????????ò???ڲ?ͬ??????????Ũ?ܵĺ??룬????ǰ???ë???????dz???????ɣ????????Ų?????????ݡ?
    1979?꣬????徳??????й???ɽ?У????????Ǻ???ʱ????ȫ??ë????????????ë???????ڶ???֮?е???????????????????ʱȫ??ë?????????Ѵﵽ96%???????????????????????һֱ???????ǹ?ע??Ŀǰ?????????һλҡ?????ǣ????ڸ?̳С?гɾ͡?
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    ˹?ٷ?-?Ȳ???ά˹??(1891?C1932??)?????????dz?Ϊ??ʨ?ˡ?????????Ϊ??????ʨ?Ӱ????ף?????һλ????????ˣ?????ߡ???ȫ???????Žϳ???ë????????ȥ?dz???ʨ?ӡ??Ȳ?????ά˹????????1891?겨???׶???ɳ??????????ë??????1Ӣ?磬??????ĸ?׳ƣ?????????һֻ??ʨ?????֮??㻳???????˱Ȳ???ά˹????
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     1911?꣬?????-????ŵ?????ڲ??????????????һ??С??????ͯ??ʱ?ھͳ?Ϊ???ڵĹ?ע???㡣????????һ??Ӥ??ʱ?????ĸ?ĸ??????????ŦԼ????7???????ơ?2001?건??ŵ??????????89?ꡣ